The economic significance of agriculture to India can hardly be exaggerated. It is the premier industry of our country no less than 73% of its enormous population is directly dependent on agriculture and pasture for its sustenance or livelihood. It provides all the food grains consumed in the country and in normal years leaves a moderate surplus for export. It provides raw materials of industry like cotton, jute, sugar-cane, oilseeds etc. Indian agriculture is playing a very important role both in the internal and external trade of the country. It is one of the major sources of revenue to both the central and state governments of the country. The agricultural is playing a very important role in India. In spite of this agriculture in India has been subjected to numbers of problems. To resolve these problems India needs a strong agriculture strategy. Keywords: economic significance, enormous population, livelihood, internal and external trade , agriculture strategy etc.