Since independence, Assam has been experiencing several movements: peaceful, violent and a combination of both. As a result of those movements, Assam has experienced reorganizations several times leading to the drastic reduction in size. Now, once again, the threat of further reduction of the size and reorganization has sharpened in the wake of new movements launched by various tribal groups as a repercussion of UPA government’s nod to the Telengana issue. It would be important to note here that Bodo tribals are demanding the creation of a state on the northern bank of the Brahmaputra valley to be known as Udayachal. Further two more tribes the Karbis of the Karbi Anglong district and the Dimasa Kacharis of Dima Hasao district are demanding an autonomous state. An attempt needs to be made to understand the problems of the hill tribes in Assam vis-à-vis the movement for an autonomous state. Key Words: autonomous state, creation of a state, drastic reduction, UPA government, Udayachal, tribes in Assam etc.