India when became independent in 1947 inherited five main problems, Poverty, Unemployment & Underemployment, Wide disparities in personal incomes; Wrong philosophy of life & the long spell of foreign rule/Minority rule and Corruption in every form. The given paper covers briefly how some of the factors like Gandhian Approach, India‟s Agricultural Potential, Funds for Rural Development : „Growth, Emoluments of the Bureaucracy and Luxurious living at the cost of masses‟, Labour –Intensive Decentralized Industry : „More Production and More Employment through Cottage and Small Industries, Promotion of Democracy and Avoidance of Wide Income Disparities‟, Trusteeship, The Middle Path of Self Employment, Concrete Measures for Employment : „Agriculture, Manufacturing Industry, Industrial Progress, Roads Transport and Construction, Service Sector‟, Radical Change in Power Structure, and Epilogue: „Mental Attitudes, The Caste System, Population Control‟ affects the above mentioned problems directly or indirectly. Keywords: Agriculture, Rural Development, Employment, Labour Intensive Industries, Labour Policy, Joint Sector.